Currently, they increasingly speak on the urgency of the issue of the development of the culture of the legislative process, the improvement of the quality of the adopted federal laws as it is directly related to the development of Russia as a democratic, constitutional state and generally indicates the level of civilization of Russian society. The authors attempt to define the main problems of the federal legislative process in Russia and to analyze them. Therefore, the authors study the problem of legislative process intensification through the development of cooperation with deputies on the issues of explanation, legal analysis, and improvement of bill drafts; the problem of the absence of communication of legislators with the interests of the population; the problem of constant and stable increase in the number of laws adopted at first reading; the problem of the adopted law term of enactment; the problem of initiating bills, which do not conform with the objective needs of the society and the state, to a legislative body; the problem of recognition and regulatory confirmation of the lobbyism institution; the problem of the legal status of the Council of Federation within the legislative process. The authors conclude that current gaps, problems of the federal legislative process lead to the broadening of the essence of legislation as a conscious, democratic by its nature and thrust activity, which, in its turn, leads to the serious negative consequences in the sphere of state life under the study. The paper presents the ways of overcoming the problems indicated to improve the contemporary legislative process at the federal level.